Emaly Vatne
Emaly Vatne
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The Expected Value is Not Always the Most Likely or Most Probable Outcome
Purpose Expected goals (xG) is now one of football’s most commonly used metrics, but I think its widespread adoption has diluted its original meaning and purpose. I’ve actually been thinking a lot about how xG is discussed and interpreted, but a couple of recent conversations have prompted me to organize my thoughts.
Last updated on Jul 31, 2026
7 min read
Stein's Paradox in Statistics and Estimating Future Performance in Sports
This post is about Steins Paradox in statistics and estimators of future performance.
Last updated on Jul 7, 2026
15 min read
Applying Logistic Regression to Create an Expected Pass Model and Identifying Top Overperformers
In this post, I show the code for creating an “Expected Pass” model using logistic regression, and then I use it to identify which female footballers outperform the prediction for their passes.
Last updated on Mar 14, 2026
6 min read
Route Optimization to Visit Every Big Ten Team at Home
This post is about applying the “traveling saleman problem and linear programming to the Big Ten football schedule.
Last updated on Jun 17, 2025
9 min read
Heart Rate Variability and its Applications in Sport Science
Heart Rate Variability is now commonly reported on commercial off-the-shelf wearable devices, but what is it, how is it measured, and how is it used in applied sport science and in athlete monitoring research?
Dec 29, 2024
12 min read
How to Export and Attach a Power BI Report as a PNG and PDF in an Email
Power Automate can be used to export a Power BI report (either a single page or the entire report) in the body of an email as a PNG and/or as an attachment as a PDF. This brief article will outline how to do this. However, it is important to note that some of the features described below may required paid licenses of Power BI and/or Power Automate.
Last updated on Nov 9, 2024
9 min read
Comparison of Sleep Monitoring Data using EEG and Commercial Wearable Devices
The purpose of this post is to define and demonstrate the statistical analysis techniques used to compare the data collected from a commercial wearable device to gold-standards. In this example, I use my own personal sleep data across 30 nights collected from an electroencephalography headband and two commercial wearables. I present the different analysis and visualization approaches as well as their results using R and RShiny.
Last updated on Nov 22, 2023
12 min read
National Security Innovation Network X-Force Fellowship Reflection
In this post, I reflect on my 10-week X-Force Fellowship sponsored by the National Security Innovation Network. During my fellowship, I was placed with the Army National Guard focusing on data engineering research for the Holistic Health and Fitness (H2F) system.
Last updated on Aug 15, 2023
4 min read
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